{"id":3352,"date":"2026-09-14T13:21:29","date_gmt":"2026-09-14T12:21:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ls2026.aau.dk\/?page_id=3352"},"modified":"2026-09-23T05:14:00","modified_gmt":"2026-09-23T04:14:00","slug":"session_9-abstracts","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ls2026.aau.dk\/?page_id=3352","title":{"rendered":"Session_9-Abstracts"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\nNon-Visual Effects and Circadian Lighting — Parallel Paper Session<\/title>\n<!--\n \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n PAPER SESSION 9 \u2014 Non-Visual Effects and Circadian Lighting\n Light Symposium 2026 \u00b7 Friday 10:00-12:00 \u00b7 Room C\n\n 1. Paste everything below the <\/style> tag into a Custom HTML\n block (or the whole file into a blank\/Elementor HTML template).\n 2. The <style> block is identical on all session pages, so it can\n also live once in Appearance \u2192 Customize \u2192 Additional CSS.\n 3. PREV \/ NEXT LINKS: two href=\"#\" placeholders sit at the bottom\n of the page. Replace them with your page addresses:\n previous Luminaires, Photometrics and Object-Scale Lighting\n next Light, Architecture and Spatial Experience\n Example: href=\"https:\/\/ls2026.aau.dk\/?page_id=1234\"\n 4. Abstracts only \u2014 no full papers are published here. If a PDF is\n ever cleared for publication, add this line inside .paper-meta:\n <a class=\"paper-pdf\" href=\"FILE-URL\">Download full paper (PDF)<\/a>\n No JavaScript is used \u2014 abstracts open with native <details>.\n \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n-->\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\">\n<link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,300..700;1,9..40,300..700&family=DM+Serif+Display&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\n<style>\n :root {\n --red: #b02525;\n --red-deep: #9f0000;\n --pink-soft: #ffe0e5;\n --pink-border: #ffb2bf;\n --ink: #1a1d23;\n --muted: #6b7280;\n --paper-bg: #ffffff;\n }\n * { box-sizing: border-box; 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cursor: default; }\n .paper-id { font-size: 0.76rem; color: var(--muted); letter-spacing: 0.04em; }\n\n \/* \u2500\u2500 prev \/ next \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n .session-nav {\n display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 14px;\n margin-top: 52px; padding-top: 26px; border-top: 2px solid var(--pink-border);\n }\n .session-nav a {\n font-size: 0.88rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--red);\n text-decoration: none; max-width: 46%;\n }\n .session-nav a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\n .session-nav .dir { display: block; font-size: 0.7rem; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 4px; }\n\n @media (max-width: 640px) {\n .session-head { padding: 30px 22px 28px; }\n .paper { gap: 16px; padding: 24px 0; }\n .paper-num { min-width: 34px; font-size: 1.3rem; }\n }\n @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {\n * { transition: none !important; }\n }\n<\/style>\n\n\n<div class=\"session-page\">\n\n <nav class=\"crumb\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/ls2026.aau.dk\/?page_id=93\">Programme<\/a> <span>\u203a<\/span> <span>Friday · Parallel Paper Sessions<\/span>\n <\/nav>\n\n <header class=\"session-head\">\n <p class=\"session-eyebrow\">Parallel Paper Session 9<\/p>\n <h1 class=\"session-title\">Non-Visual Effects and Circadian Lighting<\/h1>\n <ul class=\"session-facts\">\n <li>Friday<\/li>\n <li>10:00 \u2013 12:00<\/li>\n <li class=\"room\">Room C<\/li>\n <li>6 papers<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <p class=\"session-desc\">\n The effects of light that have nothing to do with seeing. Daylight through glass, human-centric lighting under scrutiny, near-infrared dosing, opsin-tuned luminaires, daylight-driven integrative lighting and opsin research in the brain.\n <\/p>\n <p class=\"session-chair\">Session chair: <strong>To be announced<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/header>\n\n <p class=\"papers-label\">Presentations in this session<\/p>\n\n <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 PAPER 01 \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n <article class=\"paper\" id=\"paper-19\">\n <div class=\"paper-num\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/div>\n <div class=\"paper-body\">\n <h2 class=\"paper-title\">Potentials of Transmitted Daylight on Health<\/h2>\n <p class=\"paper-authors\">Carlo Volf, Anabel Cenit, Paul Michael Petersen<\/p>\n <details class=\"paper-abstract\">\n <summary>Abstract<\/summary>\n <div class=\"paper-abstract-text\">\n <p>Since the discovery of penicilin in the early 20th century, antibiotics have been widely used to treat infections and diseases in both humans and animals. However, in recent years, there has been growing concern as more and more bacteria are becoming resistant towards antibiotic treatment, leading to a call for alternative solutions to antibiotics. UV light has the potential to serve as alternative solutions that could significantly reduce the reliance on antibiotics, or even eliminate the need for them in certain treatments. In this project, we show results on daylight through different architectural glass types UV light and their potential to reduce the use of antibiotics.<\/p><p>While light of the sun in the pre-antibiotic era was considered a first line of defence against bacteria, today antibiotics such as vancomycin, is first line treatment in the fight against infections. Infections, that constitute a major problem, not only amounting to great expenses in terms of bed days and hospital acquired infections, but also representing a real health threat. In Denmark it is estimated that around 8-10% of all bed days are caused by hospital infections, corresponding to approx. 400,000 bed days (8) per year in Denmark. According to the WHO (9), we are facing a global crisis in antibiotics, looking at an increasing number of multi-resistant bacteria, while we, unfortunately, see fewer, new medical responses, in the form of effective vaccines against these bacteria and viruses. In this context, the current COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic recently show-cased why we should restore the significance of daylight and reestablish light and the physical environment as factors important to the overall health and to the prevention of diseases. In this respect, daylight has a huge potential to improve the health of individuals when it comes to stimulating vitamin D production and killing bacteria and viruses.<\/p><p>This study presents results of different glass types, exploring the transmitted daylight, focusing on the non-visual, short-wave spectrum including UVA and UVB daylight (290 \u2013 350 nm). While the influence of daylight on visual tasks is well understood, the influence of daylight transmitted through windows into buildings and surfaces is less understood. The study aims at examining and testing different architectural glass types, focusing on the chemical active spectral range of daylight and its effects on the two outcomes<\/p><p>Germicidal impact of daylight on bacteria and viruses in indoor environments<\/p><p>Human production of Vitamin D in the skin<\/p><p>In the Industrialized World, we spend 90% of the time in the indoor environment. Taken the latest recent COVID-19 in consideration, it seems highly relevant and important to explore how the architectural planning of daylight can be improved in order to create a healthier and better indoor environment. Especially in places where a high number of people are occupying little space in the built environment, such as hospitals, schools, offices, elderly homes, etc.<\/p><p>The overall research hypothesizes are: The natural daylight, transmitted through different, specific glass types is affected differently when it comes to germicidal effects and vitamin D potential. Daylight transmitted through windows in buildings potentially can provide beneficial germicidal effects and increase the vitamin D level in humans.<\/p><p>The study is based on an international, interdisciplinary collaboration. The overall rationale of the study is to see, if choice of window glass can improve the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) making the built environment healthier and more resilient. The presentation will show-case the transmittance of daylight through different architectural glass types and relate this to the two outcomes.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/details>\n <div class=\"paper-meta\">\n <span class=\"paper-id\">Abstract ID 19<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/article>\n <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 PAPER 02 \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n <article class=\"paper\" id=\"paper-35\">\n <div class=\"paper-num\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/div>\n <div class=\"paper-body\">\n <h2 class=\"paper-title\">Rethinking Human-Centric Lighting: Evaluating Visual, Non-Visual, Energy-Efficieny Outcomes<\/h2>\n <p class=\"paper-authors\">Banu Manav<\/p>\n <details class=\"paper-abstract\">\n <summary>Abstract<\/summary>\n <div class=\"paper-abstract-text\">\n <p>Recent advancements in tunable white LED technology have enabled the simulation of dynamic daylight conditions, prompting growing interest in human-centric lighting (HCL) systems. These systems are hypothesized to influence not only visual performance but also physiological, psychological, and neurocognitive processes, including circadian regulation, alertness, and mood modulation. However, despite an expanding body of literature, definitive conclusions regarding their efficacy remain elusive, underscoring the need for rigorous empirical investigation.<\/p><p>This study presents a method and a research project titled ‘Determination of Visual Comfort Variables in Workspaces According to Human-Centred Lighting and Energy Performance Requirements,’ which is supported by The Scientific and Technical Research Council of T\u00fcrkiye (T\u00dcB\u0130TAK) is introduced.<\/p><p>Method<\/p><p>The study employed a within-subjects experimental design, exposing all participants to two distinct lighting conditions over three consecutive days across both a controlled laboratory and a real-world office environment. The first condition replicated standard office lighting: a static illuminance of 500 lux at a color temperature of 4000 K, in line with EN 12464-1 workplace standards. The second implemented a dynamic HCL profile, modulating illuminance and color temperature throughout the day by delivering cooler, brighter light in the morning to promote alertness and transitioning to warmer, dimmer light in the afternoon. Three validated psychometric instruments assessed alertness, mood, and psychological well-being, alongside neurocognitive performance tasks. Energy consumption data were also logged across 17 measurement points to enable a parallel assessment of operational efficiency.<\/p><p>Discussion<\/p><p>The results indicated no broad effects of human-centric lighting on cognitive performance nor self-reported arousal. Instead, lighting-related effects were rather selective, emerging only in the response-time dynamics of the memory span task under increased executive demand. This underscores the importance of evaluating lighting interventions through process-oriented metrics rather than self-reported impressions. Furthermore, the distinction between non-visual effects of light and its immediate visual and comfort-related qualities remains critical. While non-visual responses are often emphasized in HCL discourse, visual comfort and acceptability continue to play a dominant role in real-world application and user adherence.<\/p><p>The electrical data reveal a clear temporal pattern in the HCL condition. Active power (P) ranged from 128 W to 300 W across the measurement points, peaking at mid-day (M9) and tapering symmetrically toward morning and afternoon. In contrast, the fixed scenario maintained a constant load of 192 W, yielding an average HCL active power of 217 W across all measurements. Power factor (PF) under HCL averaged 0.83 compared to 0.82 for the fixed scenario, indicating broadly comparable electrical efficiency. Voltage remained highly stable at approximately 214 V throughout all conditions, confirming consistent supply quality. Despite the dynamic modulation of the HCL system, no significant energy savings were observed over the static condition.<\/p><p>Conclusion<\/p><p>The electrical measurements confirm that the HCL system successfully implemented a temporally dynamic load profile aligned with circadian principles; however, this did not translate into measurable energy savings relative to the fixed scenario. This suggests that, in the absence of daylight harvesting integration or occupancy-based dimming, the HCL system did not yield energy savings. When paired with smart lighting systems, HCL can automatically adjust based on natural daylight availability, reducing energy consumption and operational costs estimating that such systems can cut energy use and carbon emissions by up to 30%. Additionally, the absence of clear psychophysiological benefits further indicates that current HCL implementations lack sufficient evidence-based calibration. Future research must define precise, longitudinal designs with diverse samples, and integrate standardized psychometric and energy metrics to develop HCL systems that are both scientifically validated and sustainably viable. Consequently, integrating multidisciplinary insights to refine lighting design strategies will enhance human experience and well-being.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/details>\n <div class=\"paper-meta\">\n <span class=\"paper-id\">Abstract ID 35<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/article>\n <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 PAPER 03 \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n <article class=\"paper\" id=\"paper-37\">\n <div class=\"paper-num\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/div>\n <div class=\"paper-body\">\n <h2 class=\"paper-title\">Dose-dependent effects of supplemental near-infrared light on cognitive and autonomic functions in sleep-deprived young adults<\/h2>\n <p class=\"paper-authors\">Merve \u00d6ner, \u0130rem Ekin Atasoy, Dorukalp Durmus<\/p>\n <details class=\"paper-abstract\">\n <summary>Abstract<\/summary>\n <div class=\"paper-abstract-text\">\n <p>Sleep deprivation impairs cognitive performance and autonomic regulation and is highly prevalent among young adults, particularly university students. Due to its widespread prevalence, it has become an important research priority to identify non-invasive interventions to mitigate these effects. Near-infrared (NIR) light has emerged as a promising approach due to its potential influence on mitochondrial function, ATP production, heart rate variability (HRV), alertness, and cognitive performance. However, the optimal dose and the acute effects of ambient NIR exposure remain unclear. However, what specific NIR dose would produce the most beneficial effects and how long these effects would last after being exposed to NIR remain unclear.<\/p><p>This study utilized an ecologically valid method of administering different doses of supplemental NIR into a constant ambient fluorescent lighting environment, hence systematically varying the relative contribution of NIR under lighting conditions that resemble an environmentally representative indoor setting. 33 college students aged 18-25 years participated in this study. Using a between-subjects design, participants were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: ambient fluorescent lighting only (control), ambient lighting with low-dose NIR, and ambient lighting with high-dose NIR (n= 11 per group). Each group received a single 30-minute morning exposure, and the total duration of the laboratory session was 60 minutes. Cognitive performance was assessed using the 2-back and Flanker tasks, while autonomic regulation was measured using HRV indices (RMSSD and ln(HF)). Finally, self-reporting measures of subjective alertness and mood were obtained at predetermined time points, using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), respectively.<\/p><p>Results revealed that supplemental NIR exposure did not show beneficial effects on autonomic regulation, subjective sleepiness, or positive affect. Although negative affect decreased following the experimental session, similar reductions were observed across all three lighting conditions, suggesting that this effect was not specific to NIR exposure. Conversely, participants exposed to the low-dose NIR condition exhibited significantly faster reaction time performance on both compatible and incompatible Flanker trials than those in the control and high-dose NIR conditions, whereas no significant differences were observed in Flanker effect scores or 2-back accuracy. These results suggest that moderate NIR supplementation may facilitate overall processing speed without specifically improving inhibitory control or working memory. Overall, the findings provide preliminary evidence that optimizing NIR dose may be more important than simply increasing NIR exposure when designing indoor lighting interventions to support cognitive performance.”<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/details>\n <div class=\"paper-meta\">\n <span class=\"paper-id\">Abstract ID 37<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/article>\n <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 PAPER 04 \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n <article class=\"paper\" id=\"paper-89\">\n <div class=\"paper-num\" aria-hidden=\"true\">04<\/div>\n <div class=\"paper-body\">\n <h2 class=\"paper-title\">Towards a luminaire development for spectral tuning and balancing of human opsin stimulation<\/h2>\n <p class=\"paper-authors\">Myriam Aries, Mikael Petersson, Mathias Adamsson<\/p>\n <details class=\"paper-abstract\">\n <summary>Abstract<\/summary>\n <div class=\"paper-abstract-text\">\n <p>Introduction<\/p><p>Light affects humans through image\u2011forming vision and non\u2011visual pathways that regulate chronobiological functions. These effects are mediated by opsins, which are light\u2011sensitive proteins that function when bound to the chromophore retinal. Five opsins with known spectral sensitivities are expressed in humans, primarily in the eye but also in other tissues. Opsin\u202f1 is associated with cones, opsin\u202f2 with rods, and opsin\u202f4 with intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, while opsins\u202f3 and\u202f5 are non\u2011image\u2011forming and may contribute to light responses beyond vision. White light perception and biological effectiveness both depend on balanced spectral coverage. Short-wavelength light strongly activates visual and non-visual opsins, while longer wavelengths in the red and near-infrared ranges penetrate deeper into tissue and are associated with physiological effects. This work, therefore, investigates the scientific basis for spectral tuning and balancing in luminaire design based on human opsin sensitivities.<\/p><p>Method<\/p><p>First, a literature exploration, focusing on the roles and spectral sensitivities of human opsins, was conducted to identify the scientific motivations for selecting specific spectral power distributions. Subsequently, two existing theatre\/horticulture luminaires (ETC fos\/4 Panel, small (8×24 in), Lustr X8; Rayn ROSA 600+ Model R3e \u2018WhiteRose\u2019) were used to customise the spectra by tuning 18 LEDs via a Gio@5 control. Spectra were theoretically designed using the CIE Toolbox S026. Spectral tuning tests were conducted in a Blackbox-environment using a spectrometer (MK350S Premium, UPRtek). White and colour test sheets were used to visually assess light colour and colour rendering.<\/p><p>Findings<\/p><p>The literature identified opsins with distinct spectral sensitivities that span visual and non-visual photoreception. Cone opsins showed peak sensitivities (\u03bb\u2098\u2090\u2093) at 430\u202fnm for OPN1\u2011SW (FWHM \u2248\u202f55\u202fnm), 534\u202fnm for OPN1\u2011MW (FWHM \u2248\u202f95\u202fnm), and 564\u202fnm for OPN1\u2011LW (FWHM \u2248\u202f75\u202fnm), while the rod opsin OPN2 peaked at 498\u202fnm (FWHM\u202f=\u202f50\u201360\u202fnm). Non\u2011visual opsins primarily occupied the short\u2011wavelength range, with \u03bb\u2098\u2090\u2093 values of 480\u2013500\u202fnm for OPN3 (FWHM\u202f=\u202f30\u201340\u202fnm), ~480\u202fnm for OPN4 (FWHM\u202f=\u202f20\u201330\u202fnm), and ~380\u202fnm for OPN5 (FWHM\u202f=\u202f20\u201330\u202fnm). For perceptual white balancing, additional sources at 625\u202fnm, 680\u202fnm, and 730\u202fnm (FWHM\u202f=\u202f60\u202fnm each) extend coverage into the red-to-near-infrared region, motivating a (minimum) nine-channel LED system with comparable optical power.<\/p><p>Two existing 18-channel lighting solutions were evaluated to determine whether lighting scenarios with two comparable correlated colour temperature (CCT) but differing melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (mEDI) ratios, linked to OPN4, could be achieved, while also assessing Duv as an indicator of perceived white-light quality. This resulted in CCT=2426K, Duv=0.0095 and CCT=2763K, Duv=0.0052, respectively for the \u20182700K scenario\u2019, with a ratio between high and low mEDI of 1.4, and CCT=4052K, Duv=0.0055 and CCT=4536K, Duv=0.0026, respectively for the \u20184000K scenario\u2019, with a ratio between high and low mEDI of 2.0. Measurements revealed medium-to-large deviations from the targeted theoretical CCT values; however, mEDI ratio differences were observed, and Duv values remained generally within accepted whiteness limits (\u22120.005 to +0.005), although visual assessment indicated perceptible colour differences.<\/p><p>Discussion and conclusion<\/p><p>The results suggest that differences in OPN4 stimulation can be achieved while maintaining acceptable perceived white light quality, although the available tuning range remains sensitive. Despite the increased flexibility offered by the current 18-channel solution, incorporating LEDs more specifically optimised for individual opsins would likely enhance performance and controllability. Eye adaptation time, which may affect perception under dynamic spectral conditions, was not addressed in this study and requires further experimental investigation. Tailoring luminaires to modulate melanopic content while preserving colour appearance and reasonable colour rendering presents notable challenges and requires systematic balancing of spectral components across wavelength bands.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/details>\n <div class=\"paper-meta\">\n <span class=\"paper-id\">Abstract ID 89<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/article>\n <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 PAPER 05 \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n <article class=\"paper\" id=\"paper-110\">\n <div class=\"paper-num\" aria-hidden=\"true\">05<\/div>\n <div class=\"paper-body\">\n <h2 class=\"paper-title\">Daylight-driven integrative lighting: How architectural features influence visual and non-visual performance<\/h2>\n <p class=\"paper-authors\">Marziyeh Taghizadeh, Niko Gentile, Pimkamol Mattsson, Marie-Claude Dubois<\/p>\n <details class=\"paper-abstract\">\n <summary>Abstract<\/summary>\n <div class=\"paper-abstract-text\">\n <p>Integrative lighting in offices, which targets both visual and non-visual effects, has gained increasing attention in recent years. However, practical implementations largely adhere to conventional electric lighting solutions, focusing mainly on horizontal illuminance, while circadian requirements call for the right light at the eye on a vertical plane. Daylight as a source of circadian illumination is often overlooked; electric lighting is used to meet integrative lighting requirements instead. This approach contributes to increase energy use, while failing to exploit the potential of architectural form and materiality as a source of circadian illumination.<\/p><p>This study investigates how passive architectural parameters such as window-to-wall ratio (WWR) and surface reflectance (SR) shape the daylight environment in terms of vertical melanopic exposure, horizontal illuminance, visual comfort, and the balance between daylight sufficiency and glare risk. A full scale within-subject study was conducted in two south facing, single-occupant office rooms (4.2 m \u00d7 2.7 m \u00d7 2.6 m) in Lund, Sweden (55.7\u00b0N, 13.2\u00b0E). The experimental setup consisted of four variants combining two WWRs (20% and 70%) and two wall reflectances (50% and 80%). Daylight was the only light source during the experiment, which took place from 11 to 28 June 2025. Throughout this period, horizontal desk illuminance and vertical spectral irradiance at eye level were recorded at 5-minute intervals alongside outdoor global horizontal irradiance. Simultaneously, 28 participants (12 female, 16 male; age range 23\u201338 years) carried out office tasks and reported glare sensations on a five-point scale ranging from \u201cno glare\u201d to \u201cintolerable\u201d glare. Vertical measurements were converted to melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (mEDI) according to the CIE S 026:2018 standard using the melanopic action spectrum and a D65-normalized reference daylight spectrum. Statistical models, including regression and linear mixed effects models, were applied to explore the effects of WWR, SR, and their interaction on light levels and compliance with visual (500 lx) and non-visual criteria (250 lx mEDI), while accounting for perceived discomfort.<\/p><p>Findings indicated an approximately proportional relationship between desk illuminance and mEDI at the eye, suggesting that horizontal illuminance can function as a proxy for circadian-relevant exposure at early-stage design. However, the strength of this relationship depended on the architectural features: larger windows and higher wall reflectances consistently increased vertical melanopic exposure for a given desk illuminance, indicating that window size and interior surface reflectance actively modulate how effectively daylight is channelled towards occupants. Occupant responses also showed that visual comfort does not simply improve with more daylight. Rooms with smaller windows were associated with very low reported glare overall, yet the few instances of discomfort occurred at comparatively modest illuminance levels, likely driven by high luminance contrasts. In addition, larger window configurations created bright but often acceptable conditions over a broader range, while more disturbing glare tended to emerge at lower illuminance levels, on average around Eh = 2000 lx, compared to 3000 lx thresholds in current UDI criteria. This suggests that spaces optimised for high vertical illumination may reach the limits of visual tolerance sooner than standard criteria imply.<\/p><p>Taken together, these findings highlight daylighting as a primary lever for energy-efficient integrative lighting. They point to implications for window sizing, surface reflectance choices, and the development of combined daylight\u2013electric lighting strategies that better balance visual comfort, circadian requirements, and energy use.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/details>\n <div class=\"paper-meta\">\n <span class=\"paper-id\">Abstract ID 110<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/article>\n <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 PAPER 06 \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n <article class=\"paper\" id=\"paper-116\">\n <div class=\"paper-num\" aria-hidden=\"true\">06<\/div>\n <div class=\"paper-body\">\n <h2 class=\"paper-title\">Define how light via non-visual opsin photoreceptors affects the brain and beyond<\/h2>\n <p class=\"paper-authors\">Lena Gunhaga<\/p>\n <details class=\"paper-abstract\">\n <summary>Abstract<\/summary>\n <div class=\"paper-abstract-text\">\n <p>The opsin (OPN) family of photoreceptors (G-protein coupled receptors) are the predominant light sensing molecules in mammals, including humans. Historically, specific retinal cells were considered to be the only opsin-expressing, light-sensing cells in mammals. This view changed about 25 years ago when non-visual opsins, including OPN3, 4 and 5, were identified in structures not involved in visual perception1. We recently extended this knowledge by identifying the onset, predominantly at embryonic stages, and later expression of OPN3 in over 100 structures, primarily in the brain, but also in sensory organs and non-neural structures2.<\/p><p>OPN3 and OPN4 have absorption spectra centered at ~440\/450 nm and 480 nm (blue light), respectively, and OPN5 at ~380 nm (UVAlight). It has been demonstrated that photons of sunlight can activate light responses in the body, including the brain. Upon light exposure, non-visual pigments transform the absorbed photon energy into cellular signals, which in turn activate specific downstream molecules causing physiological responses. In vertebrates, persistent light\/dark cycles optimize internal biological circadian clock systems, where such rhythms regulate several activities like sleep, feeding patterns, metabolism, endocrine and immune functions. Despite the clear link between light exposure and health, precise molecular mechanisms for specific light-affected biological functions remain to be determined.<\/p><p>My research group aims to define how blue and UVA light via OPN3 and 5 signaling influences development and later function of the nervous system with focus on the brain and related systems. To address this, we use mouse as a model system. OPN3 and 5 wildtype and knockout strains (i.e lack of functional OPN3 or 5 photoreceptors) are exposed to various light conditions (wavelength, intensity and time) using specific LED-devices custom-designed by Fagerhult. Our analyzes include among others: (i)OPN5 expression pattern studies, with focus on the brain and neural structures in the head region, (ii) evaluation how light affect neural connections and innervations, neuron number and sub-types using 2D and 3D imaging, (iii) metabolic studies to assess how light control brain-to-pancreas regulation of insulin secretion, (iv) defining how light regulates the intrinsic pupillary light response.<\/p><p>Our published1-5 and preliminary results show that OPN3, 4 and 5 have broader and earlier expression patterns than previously believed. Findings that these opsins are expressed during embryonic stages implicate functional roles for photoreceptive signaling prior to birth. This is of interest since collected data show that humans have a season-of-birth risk of developing several neurological, psychiatric and metabolic disorders6. Contradictory to this, preterm infants worldwide are most often cared for in near darkness. Thus, increased knowledge regarding the impact light has for proper embryonic development is important for properly designed rhythmic light settings of optimal spectra in neonatal care units. In summary, mechanistic knowledge about how light, or lack of light, influences the brain and related systems is crucial for our understanding of how dark seasons, artificial light, shift work and indoor living affect individuals. Long-term, it is particularly appealing to consider disease prevention or treatment strategies that rely on relevant light quality, since such treatments would be non-invasive and straightforward to deliver.<\/p><p>1. Karthikeyan et al., 2023, J. Photochemistry and Photobiology.<\/p><p>2. Davies et al., 2021, eNeuro.<\/p><p>3. Karthikeyan et al., 2023, Chemical Senses.<\/p><p>4. Sghari et al., 2020, Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science (IOVS).<\/p><p>5. Rasmuson et al., 2026, IOVS (under revision).<\/p><p>6. Foster and Roenneberg, 2008, Current Biology.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/details>\n <div class=\"paper-meta\">\n <span class=\"paper-id\">Abstract ID 116<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/article>\n\n <!-- Replace each href=\"#\" below with the WordPress page address -->\n <nav class=\"session-nav\" aria-label=\"Session navigation\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/ls2026.aau.dk\/?page_id=3348\"><span class=\"dir\">\u2039 Previous session<\/span>Luminaires, Photometrics and Object-Scale Lighting<\/a>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/ls2026.aau.dk\/?page_id=3356\" style=\"text-align:right\"><span class=\"dir\">Next session \u203a<\/span>Light, Architecture and Spatial Experience<\/a>\n <\/nav>\n\n<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Non-Visual Effects and Circadian Lighting — Parallel Paper Session 01 Potentials of Transmitted Daylight on Health Carlo Volf, Anabel Cenit, Paul Michael Petersen Abstract Since the discovery of penicilin in …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"parent":3330,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3352","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.9 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Non-Visual Effects and Circadian Lighting \u2014 Parallel Paper Session 01 Potentials of Transmitted Daylight on Health Carlo Volf, Anabel Cenit, Paul Michael Petersen Abstract Since the discovery of penicilin in the early 20th century, antibiotics have been widely used to treat infections and diseases in both humans and animals. 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